Censorship
PG Parental Guidance - Unaccompanied children of any ages can watch, but are advised to consider whether the content may upset a particular child
12A - Suitable for 12 Years and over, however no one younger than 12 may see a 12A film unless unaccompanied by an adult
12- Suitable for 12 years and over. No one younger than the age of 12 should view this film as it contains material that isn't suitable for anyone under that age
15 -Suitable for 15 years and over. No one younger than 15 may see a 15 film in a cinema or rent or buy a 15 rated video work
18 - Suitable only for adults. No one younger than 18 may see an 18 film in the cinema
The Key Issues ratings are concerned with:
Compliance office look at issues such as bad language, dangerous behaviour, discrimination, drugs, horror, nudity, sex, violence and sexual violence. They consider context, tone and impact and how the film makes the audience feel.
MPAA - Motion of picture Association of America
- It's members are the 'big three' Hollywood studios
- System is voluntary
Theorists - Industry
- Peter Lunt - Professor of media and communications at the university of Leicester
- Sonia Livingstone - Professor of social Psychology at the London School of Economics of political science
- They are interested in the way regulations operate and the power of global media corporations
Key Ideas:
- There is an underlying struggle in recent UK regulation policy between the need to further the interests of citizens (by offering protection from harmful or offensive material) and the need to further the interests of citizens, and the need to further the interests of consumers
-The idea that the increasing power of global media corporations, together with the rise of convergent media technologies and transformations in the production, distribution and marketing of digital of digital media, have placed traditional approaches to media regulation at risk.
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